Method of preventing recording on a disc like recording medium of the optically rewritable type

ABSTRACT

A next generation of high speed CD-RW discs for high speed recording (4×-10×) need a new write strategy, which is not suited for recording at lower speeds (1×4×). Existing CD-RW recorders may accept these discs and make recordings according to existing write strategies. This will result in unreadable discs. To prevent this, a Power Calibration Area (PCA) and a Program Memory Area (PMA), both needed for recording, are hidden for the existing recorders. As a result the disc will be rejected. In a method wherein an absolute time reference (ATIP) is applied on the disc, the start locations of said areas being determined by a fixed time offset relative to a subsequent Lead-in area, an embodiment of the invention is obtained by making the PCA and PMA untraceable by introducing and Absolute Time in Pre-Groove (ATIP) time code jump of for instance one minute just before the Start time of the Lead-in area. Another embodiment is obtained by introducing the absolute Time in Pre-Groove (ATIP) time code jumps between a Test Area and a Count Area of the program calibration area (PCA).

The invention relates to a method of preventing recording on a disc like recording medium of the optically rewritable type, the method comprising applying a pre-groove on the disc like recording medium adapted to write data therein in accordance with a first write strategy, reserving a program calibration area (PCA) for optimum power control (OPC) and/or a program memory area (PMA) for temporarily storing a table of content (TOC) on said disc like recording medium.

The invention further relates to a recording apparatus adapted for recording digital information signals on a disc like recording medium of the optically rewritable type, said apparatus comprising input means for receiving digital information signals, encoding means for coding the received digital information signals for recording on the disc like recording medium, writing means for writing optically detectable marks representing the encoded information signals on the disc like recording medium in accordance with a first write strategy, address determining means for locating on the disc like recording medium a program calibration area (PCA) to be used for a optimum power control (OPC) procedure and/or a program memory area (PMA) to be used for temporarily storing a table of content (TOC).

The invention also relates to a disc like recording medium of the optically rewritable type.

A disc like recording medium of the optically type is disclosed for instance in European Patent 390 268 (PHN13148), which is incorporated by reference herein. Such a disc which allows recording apart from playback may be referred to as a CD-Recordable (CD-R), a CD-Erasable (CD-E) or a CD-Rewritable (CD-RW).

As the name implies, CD-RW is a media and recording system that allows the user to erase previously recorded information and then to record new information in its place, making short-term storage feasible on CD media. This is accomplished by means of a new CD-RW media using “phase change” technology that allows a recording laser beam to change the media material from amorphic to crystalline by means of a shift in power.

The first generation of CD-RW discs are designed for speed applications covering a range of 1 times-4 times the nominal speed of a conventional CD-ROM disc, being approximately 150 kbs. The next generation CD-RW discs however will designed for high speed applications ranging from 4 times-10 times this nominal speed. Because of the typical behavior of phase change materials, these discs need a new write strategy, which is not suited for recording at lower speeds. Furthermore, the existing write strategies defined for 1×, 2× and 4×recording speed, do not work on these new discs.

Some of the existing CD-RW recorders, designated to operate with the lower speed ranges, are recognizing the new high speed discs and reject them. But others will accept these discs and make recordings on them according to one of the existing write strategies, for instance default at 2×speed. These recordings will result in unreadable signals, thereby destroying previously recorded information.

In consequence, amongst other things, it is an object of the invention to obviate the above-mentioned disadvantages. According to one of its aspects a method according to the invention is characterized by making one or both of said areas untraceable for recording devices adapted to write data on a disc like recording medium in accordance with a second, different write strategy.

As both areas are needed by a recorder, hiding these areas for existing recorders, designed to operate with low speeds, will result in rejecting of the disc.

With a method comprising applying absolute time reference (ATIP) information in the pre-groove on the disc like recording medium, start locations of said areas are being determined by a fixed time offset relative to a subsequent Lead-in area, an advantageous embodiment thereof is characterized by introducing an ATIP time code jump to ATIP time codes before the start of the Lead-in area. The Pre Groove of a CD-RW disc contains an Absolute Time Reference in the Pre Groove. As the locations of the PCA and PMA areas are determined by a fixed offset relative to the Start time of the Lead-in areas, these areas are made untraceable.

Further advantageous embodiments of a method according to the invention are disclosed in the description, as well as embodiments of a disc like recording medium and recording apparatus according to the invention.

These and further aspects and advantages of the invention will be discussed in more detail hereinafter with reference to the disclosure of preferred embodiments, and in particular with reference to the appended Figures that show:

FIG. 1 an existing ATIP versus disc diameter;

FIG. 2 a modified ATIP versus disc diameter, modified according to a first embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 3 the detailed organization of the PCA, PMA and Lead-in area of FIG. 2, modified according to a second embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 4 a modified ATIP versus disc diameter, modified according to a third, preferred embodiment of the invention, and

FIG. 5 a recording apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.

In a CD-RW there are two areas preceding the Lead-in area that are reserved for use by the recorder. The Power Calibration Area (PCA) meant for making test recordings to determine the optimal write power for the actual disc. Every time a disc is inserted into a CD-R drive, the laser is fired at the surface of the PCA to judge the optimum power setting for burning the CD. Various things can influence this optimum setting—the recording speed, humidity, ambient temperature and the type of disc being used. The Program Memory Area (PMA) is meant to store a temporary Table of Content (TOC). A TOC contains track numbers and their start and stop times (for music), or sector address for the start of data files on a data CD.

The Information Area, the area of the disc which contains data, is divided into three areas: The Lead-in area contains digital silence in the main channel plus the Table of Contents (TOC) in the subcode Q-channel. It allows the laser pickup head to follow the pits and synchronize to the audio or computer data before the start of the program area. The Program Area contains up to about 76 minutes of data divided into 99 tracks maximum. The Lead-out area contains digital silence or zero data. This defines the end of the CD program area.

Both PCA and PMA areas are needed by the recorder, so that if they can be hidden from existing recorders for low application speeds, these recorders cannot perform an Optimum Power Control (OPC) procedure and can not read the temporary TOC. As a result these recorders will reject the disc.

The locations of the PCA and PMA areas are determined by a fixed time offset relative to the Starttime of the Lead-in area, as illustrated in FIG. 1

On the new generation of high speed discs, the PCA and PMA could be made untraceable, according to a first embodiment of the invention, for existing drives by introducing an ATIP time code jump of for instance 1 minute just before the Starttime of the Lead-in area. In other words: all ATIP time codes up to the Starttime of the Lead-in area are reduced by one minute, as illustrated in FIG. 2

Existing drives cannot distinguish between old and new discs and therefore will search for an ATIP time code (t3-00:35:65) or (t3-00: 13:25) to find the PCA respectively the PMA, which they find on old discs, but never find on new discs. As a result they will reject the disc.

New drives or upgraded drives adapted to operate with high speed discs at higher speed applications, can recognize the new discs and know about the existence of the ATIP time code jump and will search for (t3-01:00:00-00:35:65) or (t3-01:00:00-0013:25) to find the PCA, respectively the PMA on new discs.

However, because some recorders are using the PMA also for access during play-back, an advantageous second embodiment leaves the PMA untouched. In order to achieve this the ATIP Time Code jump is chosen as illustrated with reference to FIG. 3. To have some buffer area before the PMA, which might be useful for good access control, the time code jump could possibly be better located just after the last used frame of the count area in the PCA as illustrated in FIG. 3. Herein T_(SL)=t3=Start TIME Lead-in.

FIG. 4 shows a preferred third embodiment according to the invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the power calibration area PCA is divided into two areas. A first area is a Test Area, in which tests can be performed to obtain correct reading power for a disc. A second area is a Count Area, where can be read which part of the Test Area can be used. Both areas of the PCA are divided into partitions, which must be used in sequential order, starting from partition number one. The PCA can be used many times: once all partitions have been used, the total PCA must be erased, after which it is available for the next sequence of power calibration procedures. The ATIP jump location is, with respect to the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, shifted into the buffer area between the PCA Test Area and the PCA Count Area. This results in a distance between the ATIP jump and the PMA area of 2 minutes. This gives the advantage of more space for drives to access the PMA. As some drives may employ the Program Memory Area (PMA), the available free space or buffer area may be insufficient for the use as explained with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. It is noted that drives expect PCA Test partitions from 96:51:30 to 97:11:29.

Next an embodiment of a recording apparatus according to the invention will be described, with reference to FIG. 5. The recording apparatus 1 comprises recording medium receiving means 2 for receiving a removable recording medium 3. The recording medium 3 may be a disc of the optically rewritable type such as CD-RW, DVD-RAM or DVD-RW. The recording medium 3 is rotationally driven by rotation means 4. An optical pick-up unit 5, movable in a radial direction of the recording medium 3, writes optically detectable marks along a spiral track 8 on the recording medium 3 employing a light beam 6. To this purpose the recording medium 3 is provided with a suitable phase change material which has different optical properties in crystalline or amorphous states. Heating with the light beam 6 may induce these states. The light beam 6 is modulated by recording means 9 according to digital information signals to be recorded. These digital information signals have been suitable encoded with encoding means 10, employing EFM modulation and CIRC error encoding, as prescribed by the CD-standards. Input means 11, which may comprise A/D conversion means and/or special interface circuitry, may receive analog and/or digital information signals.

Alternatively, recorded digital information signals on the recording medium 3, may be read via the same optical pick-up unit 5, by suitable reading means 13. These are connected to decoding means 14 to perform EFM decoding and CIRC error correction processing. The decoded and corrected signals are outputted, via outputting means 15, which may comprise D/A means and/or suitable interface circuitry, digital and/or analog information signals.

In addition, address finding means 12 are provided to determine address information present on the recording medium 3. Such address information, for example in the form of absolute time codes, may be recorded in the track 8 by means of a pre-formed track modulation as disclosed in European Patent 390 268 (PHN 13148). Such a track is described in more detail in the Dutch Patent Application NL-A-8800152 (PHN 123999). The address finding means 12 derives an address signal from the signal components in the detection signals which are caused by the pref-formed track modulation. The address signal is supplied to the controlling unit 16.

All units are controlled by the controlling unit 16. The controlling unit 16 may comprise a processing unit which operates according to a specific program loaded in memory means, in order to perform the method according to the invention.

Specifically the controlling unit 16 comprises information relating to the time jump in the Absolute Time Reference (ATIP) as may be present in the recording medium 3, as described before. This enables the recording apparatus 1 to locate the previous mentioned areas on a recording medium 3 to be used for an Optimum Power Control (OPC) procedure and/or recording of a temporary table of content (TOC).

Although the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, it is to be understood that these are not limitative example. Thus, various modifications thereof may become apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined by the claims. The invention may be implemented by means of both hardware and software, and that several “means” may be represented by the same item of hardware. Further, the invention lies in each and every novel feature or combination of features. It is also remarked that the word “comprising” does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those listed in a claim. Any reference signs do not limit the scope of the claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of preventing recording on a disc like recording medium of the optically rewritable type, the method comprising applying a pre-groove on a disc like recording medium adapted to record data therein in accordance with a first write strategy, reserving a program calibration area (PCA) for optimum power control (OPC) and/or a program memory area (PMA) for temporarily storing a table of content (TOC) on said disc like recording medium, the method further characterized by, making one or both of said areas untraceable for recording devices not adapted to write data on the disc like recording medium in accordance with the first write strategy.
 2. Method according to claim 1, comprising applying absolute time reference (ATIP) information in the pre-groove on the disc like recording medium, start locations of both areas are being determined by a fixed time offset relative to a subsequent Lead-in area, characterized by, introducing an ATIP time code jump to ATIP time codes before the start of the Lead-in area.
 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized by, reducing all ATIP time codes up to the start time of the Lead-in area by approximately one minute.
 4. Method according to claim 2, comprising dividing the program calibration area (PCA) in a program calibration Test Area and a program calibration Count area, characterized by introducing an ATIP time code jump between the program calibration Test Area and the program calibration Count Area.
 5. Method according to claim 2, characterized by, reducing all ATIP time codes up to the last used area in the PCA.
 6. Disc like recording medium of the optically rewritable type, the recording medium provided with: a pre-groove adapted to record data therein in accordance with a first write strategy, a Program Calibration Area (PCA) adapted to be used in a Optimum Power Control (OPC) procedure and/or, a Program Memory Area (PMA) adapted to temporarily store a table of content (TOC), characterized in that, at least one of said areas is untraceable for recording devices not adapted to record data on the disc like recording medium in accordance with the first write strategy.
 7. Disc like recording medium according to claim 6, comprising time codes representing Absolute Time Reference Information (ATIP), in the pre-groove wherein a start location of at least one of said areas is determined by a fixed time offset relative to a subsequent Lead-in area, characterized in that, the time codes before the start of the Lead-in area comprise a time jump of the Absolute Time Reference (ATIP).
 8. Disc like recording medium according to claim 7, characterized in that, al time codes up to approximately the start time of the Lead-in area comprise a reduction of the Absolute Time Reference (ATIP) by approximately one minute.
 9. Disc like recording medium according to claim 7, wherein the Program Calibration Area (PCA) is divided in a Program Calibration Test Area and a Program Calibration Count Area, characterized in that, the time codes between the Program Calibration Test Area and the Program Calibration Count Area comprise a time jump of the Absolute Time Reference (ATIP).
 10. Disc like recording medium according to claim 7, characterized in that, all time codes up to a last used area in the Program Calibration Area have a reduced Absolute Time Reference (ATIP).
 11. Disc like recording medium according to claim 7, characterized in that, the disc like recording medium is a CD-RW.
 12. Recording apparatus adapted for recording digital information signals on a disc like recording medium of the optically rewritable type, comprising: input means for receiving digital information signals, encoding means for encoding the received digital information signals for recording on the disc like recording medium, writing means for writing optically detectable marks representing the encoded information signals on the disc like recording medium in accordance with at a least a first write strategy, address determining means for locating on the disc like recording medium a Program Calibration Area (PCA) to be used for a Optimum Power Control (OPC) procedure and/or a Program Memory Area (PMA) to be used to temporarily store a table of content (TOC), characterized in that, the address determining means are adapted to locate at least one of said areas of a disc like recording medium where said at least one area is untraceable for recording apparatuses not adapted to record data on the disc like recording medium in accordance with the first write strategy.
 13. Recording apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the address determining means are adapted to read a time code recorded in a pre-groove on a disc like recording medium representing Absolute Address Information (ATIP) wherein a start location of at least one of said areas is determined by a fixed time offset relative to a subsequent Lead-in area on said disc like recording medium, characterized in that, the address determining means comprise information related to a time jump in the time codes of the Absolute Time Reference before the start of the Lead-in area.
 14. Recording apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, the address determining means comprise information related to a reduction of the Absolute Time Reference (ATIP) in all time codes up to approximately the start time of the Lead-in area.
 15. Recording apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, the address determining means comprise information related to a time code jump of the Absolute Time Reference (ATIP) in the time codes between a Program Calibration Test Area and a Program Calibration Count Area in the Program Calibration Area (PCA).
 16. Recording apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, the address determining means comprise information related to all time codes up to a last used area in the Program Calibration area having a reduced Absolute Time Reference (ATIP).
 17. (original) Recording apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that, the recording apparatus is adapted to handle a CD-RW as a disc like recording medium. 